{"id":12563,"date":"2025-06-24T09:37:46","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T07:37:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informationdemocracy.org\/2025\/06\/24\/are-private-messaging-platforms-the-blind-spot-of-the-fight-against-disinformation\/"},"modified":"2025-11-06T12:54:58","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T11:54:58","slug":"les-plateformes-de-messagerie-privees-langle-mort-de-la-lutte-contre-la-desinformation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informationdemocracy.org\/fr\/2025\/06\/24\/les-plateformes-de-messagerie-privees-langle-mort-de-la-lutte-contre-la-desinformation\/","title":{"rendered":"Les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9es: l\u2019angle mort de la lutte contre la d\u00e9sinformation?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le 3 juin 2025, le Partenariat pour l\u2019information et la d\u00e9mocratie a tenu la deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9union de son groupe de travail sur le th\u00e8me \u201cRenforcer l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de l\u2019information sur les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9e\u201d, copr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par l\u2019Ukraine et le Luxembourg. Les \u00e9changes ont mis en lumi\u00e8re la complexit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9gulation de ces plateformes pour les gouvernements.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alors que les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9e sont de plus en plus utilis\u00e9es pour diffuser de la d\u00e9sinformation, des interf\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res ou de la propagande, diffuser de la d\u00e9sinformation, des interf\u00e9rences \u00e9trang\u00e8res et de la propagande, d\u00e9finir une r\u00e9ponse publique efficace \u00e0 ces enjeux demeure un d\u00e9fi majeur<\/strong>. Apr\u00e8s une premi\u00e8re r\u00e9union<\/a> en mars consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019identification des principaux d\u00e9fis pos\u00e9s par ces plateformes, le groupe de travail s\u2019est \u00e0 nouveau r\u00e9uni en ligne le 3 juin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La discussion a notamment port\u00e9 sur les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019un questionnaire pr\u00e9par\u00e9 par l\u2019Ukraine <\/strong>et diffus\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s des \u00c9tats signataires du Partenariat pour l\u2019information et la d\u00e9mocratie. Structur\u00e9 autour de plusieurs th\u00e9matiques (mesures juridiques et r\u00e9glementaires, coop\u00e9ration avec les plateformes, solutions techniques, \u00e9ducation aux m\u00e9dias et sensibilisation), ce questionnaire a permis de recueillir un \u00e9chantillon essentiel des r\u00e9ponses nationales face \u00e0 la d\u00e9sinformation sur les syst\u00e8mes de messagerie priv\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019oubli des messageries priv\u00e9es dans les<\/strong> efforts r\u00e9glementaires actuels<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Les r\u00e9ponses au questionnaire, fournies par une douzaine d\u2019\u00c9tats signataires (dont certains membres de l\u2019UE ainsi que d\u2019autres pays ayant d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 des approches r\u00e9glementaires ou de sensibilisation), montrent clairement que les syst\u00e8mes de messagerie priv\u00e9e sont rarement pris en compte<\/strong> dans les cadres r\u00e9glementaires actuels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les difficult\u00e9s \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un cadre solide et durable<\/strong> s\u2019expliquent souvent par l\u2019ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 m\u00eame de ces services, qui m\u00ealent conversations priv\u00e9es chiffr\u00e9es et canaux ou groupes accessibles au public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bien que des avanc\u00e9es notables aient \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es pour reconna\u00eetre la d\u00e9sinformation comme un risque soci\u00e9tal, les cadres r\u00e9glementaires actuels restent flous quant \u00e0 la d\u00e9finition d\u2019une \u00ab plateforme en ligne \u00bb et de ce qui constitue un \u00ab service de messagerie priv\u00e9e \u00bb. Pour Marina Olaizola Rosenblat, cette ambigu\u00eft\u00e9 dans la distinction public\/priv\u00e9 complique l\u2019application du droit, encourage une mise en \u0153uvre incoh\u00e9rente et favorise l\u2019exploitation des failles r\u00e9glementaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour une approche bas\u00e9e sur les fonctionnalit\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ces d\u00e9fis, un consensus croissant s\u2019est d\u00e9gag\u00e9 parmi les participants sur le fait que la r\u00e9gulation doit \u00eatre fond\u00e9e sur les fonctionnalit\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques<\/strong> et les risques associ\u00e9s \u00e0 chacune. Cette approche permettrait \u00e9galement de pr\u00e9server le droit \u00e0 la vie priv\u00e9e<\/strong>, gr\u00e2ce au chiffrement de bout en bout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les diff\u00e9rences entre plateformes, et les fonctionnalit\u00e9s qu\u2019elles proposent, doivent \u00eatre prises en compte. Pour aider les r\u00e9gulateurs \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer si un canal de communication est public ou priv\u00e9, plusieurs questions d\u2019\u00e9valuation<\/strong> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9es :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Le groupe est-il accessible via une recherche ?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Combien de personnes peuvent le rejoindre ?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Y a-t-il des restrictions d\u2019acc\u00e8s, comme une approbation par un administrateur ?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Quelle est la taille du groupe ?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Les messages peuvent-ils \u00eatre transf\u00e9r\u00e9s ou diffus\u00e9s en masse ? Des limitations existent-elles pour freiner la viralit\u00e9 ?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Qui peut signaler un contenu \u2014 les utilisateurs ou des tiers ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    La loi britannique sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en ligne (Online Safety Act), par exemple, distingue les espaces publics des espaces priv\u00e9s non pas en fonction du type de plateforme, mais selon les fonctionnalit\u00e9s propos\u00e9es. La taille des groupes, la d\u00e9couvrabilit\u00e9, la capacit\u00e9 de transfert et les m\u00e9canismes de signalement sont autant de crit\u00e8res cl\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ce mod\u00e8le permet aux r\u00e9gulateurs de pr\u00e9server la vie priv\u00e9e dans le cadre de messageries v\u00e9ritablement priv\u00e9es (en t\u00eate-\u00e0-t\u00eate), tout en s\u2019attaquant aux canaux par lesquels la d\u00e9sinformation se propage \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Ainsi, un petit canal ferm\u00e9 sur invitation, avec un transfert limit\u00e9, serait consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme priv\u00e9 ; un groupe chiffr\u00e9 de grande taille et accessible \u00e0 tous serait davantage per\u00e7u comme public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Cette deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9union a confirm\u00e9 que les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9e ne peuvent plus \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme un angle mort r\u00e9glementaire<\/strong>. Le groupe de travail poursuivra son mandat en recueillant de nouveaux avis et en proposant des solutions pragmatiques, adapt\u00e9es aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s de l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me num\u00e9rique. Toutes les parties int\u00e9ress\u00e9es (repr\u00e9sentants gouvernementaux, experts de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, chercheurs) sont invit\u00e9es \u00e0 rejoindre le groupe de travail et \u00e0 participer aux prochaines sessions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Le 3 juin 2025, le Partenariat pour l\u2019information et la d\u00e9mocratie a tenu la deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9union de son groupe de travail sur le th\u00e8me \u201cRenforcer l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de l\u2019information sur les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9e\u201d, copr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par l\u2019Ukraine et le Luxembourg. Les \u00e9changes ont mis en lumi\u00e8re la complexit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9gulation de ces plateformes pour […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[57,49,56],"tags":[],"contenu-mis-en-avant":[],"thematic":[69],"workstream":[88,39],"class_list":["post-12563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-axe-de-travail-climat","category-non-categorise","category-non-classe","thematic-fiabilite-des-informations-en-ligne","workstream-axe-de-travail-sur-lidentification-de-solutions-pour-garantir-lintegrite-des-informations-sur-les-plateformes-de-messagerie-privee","workstream-private-messaging-platforms"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9es: l\u2019angle mort de la lutte contre la d\u00e9sinformation? - Forum Information & Democracy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informationdemocracy.org\/fr\/2025\/06\/24\/les-plateformes-de-messagerie-privees-langle-mort-de-la-lutte-contre-la-desinformation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9es: l\u2019angle mort de la lutte contre la d\u00e9sinformation? - Forum Information & Democracy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 3 juin 2025, le Partenariat pour l\u2019information et la d\u00e9mocratie a tenu la deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9union de son groupe de travail sur le th\u00e8me \u201cRenforcer l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de l\u2019information sur les plateformes de messagerie priv\u00e9e\u201d, copr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par l\u2019Ukraine et le Luxembourg. 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